Full Project – ASSESSMENT OF CRIME AND VIOLENCE BEHAVIOUR AMONG YOUTH IN NIGERIAN TERTIARY INSTITUTIONS

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CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

Background to the Study

Schools and universities are cherished institutions that contribute to the nation’s foundations and serve as a platform for future generations’ progress and stability. As a result, crime and violence at schools and universities are one of the nation’s most perplexing societal problems today. Not only does it have an effect on individuals directly involved in the illegal act, but it also impedes society progress and stability. In light of this, it is critical to understand the features of crime and violence in schools, colleges, and tertiary institutions, as well as the offenders who allegedly conduct these offenses, in order to implement steps to limit the quantity of crime and violence in these institutions. The country must have a better understanding of crime and violence in schools, colleges, and tertiary institutions.

A crime is an act or instance of carelessness that is regarded to be detrimental to the public welfare, morals, or the state’s interests and is therefore illegal. This is a violation of the law. The commission of a crime is the deliberate conduct of an act that is often judged detrimental or dangerous to society and is specifically defined, forbidden, and penalized under criminal law.

Behavioral scientists often describe violence as behavior that is meant to cause harm to another person. Physical, verbal or nonverbal, and relational types of violence are all common. Typically, crime is viewed as a more severe kind of physical aggression that is more likely to end in bodily damage. However, no research has been conducted on the issue of ‘Crimes and Violence Behaviours in Nigerian Tertiary Institutions: Guidance and Counseling as a Panacea’, which is precisely the lacuna that this research effort attempts to address.

The numerous issues linked with criminal and violent behavior in Nigerian Tertiary Institutions that this study effort must address include cultism, vandalism, rape, sexual harassment, examination malpractices, drug misuse, victimization, theft, violence, and damage of school property. The society, broken households, parental influence, peer group pressure, media influence, television violence, poverty, affluence and riches, parent unemployment, and illiteracy are all precursors to these problems. Additional examples include excessive enrolment of youths in Tertiary Institutions, poor learning environments, inadequate parenting skills, admission of unprepared youths to universities, lecturers’ strikes, a lack of proper orientation provided to youths, the society, cult activities in schools, insufficient religious and moral instruction, broken homes, social skills deficit, poverty, and wealth of parents, among others.

Numerous African tertiary institutions, particularly Nigeria, have experienced young criminal activities that are entwined with campus fraternities. The alarming trend has spawned several hypotheses about how it began and what might be done to avert it. The purpose of this study was to examine the primary theoretical views on campus crime and the associated psychopathological behavior among Nigerian adolescents, as well as the underlying reasons. Additionally, it examines empirical data on risk factors, peer influence, developmental pathways, and physiological markers, sub-typing of violence, gender variations in risk behavior patterns, and common causes and antecedents of violence behavior in Nigerian Tertiary Institutions. The review is selective, focusing on the theoretical foundations, empirical facts, and investigative approaches that apparently best match Nigerian sociocultural theories. In light of current empirical research that supports these theoretical conclusions, the intervention model of guiding and counseling was suggested. The framework establishes a relationship between campus crime and violence behavior and major socioeconomic aspects such as psycho-personality bias, frustrated violence hypothesis, ethos-political theory, and environmental viewpoints. It is advised that, as a complex dynamic process, campus criminal activities and violence behavior should be quantified and analyzed with the goal of giving a likely solution through advice and counseling, including the school guidance program and strategies that may be implemented.

We will examine Nigerian Tertiary Institutions undergraduates and their parental influence, as well as how Tertiary Institutions workers might lead to violent and criminal behavior at Tertiary Institutions.

With the foregoing, studies indicate a need for guidance and counseling to operate as a panacea, resolving all problems created by society, friends, family, school, and other variables.

Statement of the Problem

Today, the situation of crime and violence at Nigerian universities is such that Nigerian Tertiary Institutions have become theaters for criminal and violent behavior. On college campuses, students display a variety of illegal behaviors, including unauthorized possession of firearms, cult-related activities, gangsterism, murder, drug use and abuse, and rape. For example, unhappy students may resort to jungle justice by murdering or injuring the lecturer. Cultists’ mindset, such as “forgiveness is a sin,” plays a critical influence in how teenagers involved in vile activities interact with other students on campus.

The possible causes of these criminal acts and violent behaviors are media influence, media violence, and the socioeconomic status of the parents; for example, if the parents are wealthy, the child may develop criminal instincts in the hope that his parents’ wealth will cover his misbehaviors; if the parents are poor, the child may become so desperate that he becomes greedy and then commits terrible acts; broken homes, etc.

While some scholars, such as Lochner, L., M.B.I. Omoniyi, and Albert Bandura, treated crime as a singular concept, and others, such as Nnamdi Obikeze, and Stev. Ikwumelu, treated violence behavior as a separate despicable concept, this research work is aimed at establishing that there is typically an outstanding relationship between the two concepts, as every major crime is an offshoot of violence.

This research work will therefore seek to address those problems associated with criminal acts and violence behaviours in Tertiary Institutions and then proffer necessary solution through guidance and counselling.

Objectives of the Study

The study examines assessment of crime and violence behaviour among in Youth Nigerian Tertiary Institutions. The objectives of this study are to:

Examine the nexus between parental care and youth criminal act and violence behaviour.
Identify causes of crime and violence behaviours in the Tertiary Institutions.

Examine how guidance and counselling can provide solution to Tertiary Institutions youths’ criminal act and violence behaviour.

Examine how the society contributes to youth criminal act and violence behaviour.

Research Questions

The following research question shall be answered in the course of the study;

Is there a nexus between parental care and youth criminal act and violence behaviour?
What is the connection between socio-economic status of parent and crime and violence behaviour?

What are the societal factors contributing to crime and violence behaviour?

Can guidance and counselling be a panacea to crime and violence behaviour?

Operational Definition of Terms

In carrying out this analysis, the following concepts would be adopted and defined according to their usage in the analysis.

CRIME: Crime is the intentional commission of an act usually deemed socially harmful of dangerous and specially defined, prohibited, and punishable under the criminal law.

VIOLENCE BEHAVIOUR: Violence behaviour is behaviour that causes physical or emotional harm to others, or threatens others.

GUIDANCE: Guidance can be defined as a help which enables “each individual to understand his abilities and interests, to develop them as well as possible and to relate them to life goals and finally to reach a state of complete and mature self-guidance as a desirable member of the social order”.

COUNSELLING: Counseling is a person-to-person relationship that involves two individuals – one seeking help and the other, a professionally trained person who can help the one in need of assistance.

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