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IMPACT OF PARENTAL EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND ON STUDENTS’ CAREER DEVELOPMENT IN JALINGO LOCAL GOVERNMENT OF TARABA STATE.

IMPACT OF PARENTAL EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND ON STUDENTS’ CAREER DEVELOPMENT IN JALINGO LOCAL GOVERNMENT OF TARABA STATE.

Educational Administration and Planning Research Project
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IMPACT OF PARENTAL EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND ON STUDENTS’ CAREER DEVELOPMENT IN JALINGO LOCAL GOVERNMENT OF TARABA STATE.

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CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

Background of the Study

Education is the best legacy a nation can give to her citizens especially the youths. This is because education is very important in the development of any nation or community. Education is the process of transmitting what is worthwhile to members of the society. According to Okafor (1981). Education embraces all those experiences of the individual through which knowledge is acquired and intellect enlightened. For Nwabachili and Egbue (1993) education is what goes on from one generation to another generation. In this context, education is the process of socializing the child to grow up as a fulfilled member of the society through informal, formal and non-formal process. Informal education is the process of acquiring knowledge about the environment and beyond through living with one another. According to Nwabachili and Egbue (1993) formal education is a consciously planned form of socialization in a formal setting such as school. They stressed that non-formal education involve all those systematic programmes and processes of education and training that is done outside formal education setting. All these forms of education cannot be achieved without the impact of the family.

Family is the first social environment the child finds itself. According to Clifford (1981) family remains the secondary environment of the child. The author emphasized that family environment has more chances of increasing or decreasing the intellectual achievement of the child. Akubue and Okolo (2008), defined family as a small kinship structural group with the key function of natural socialization of the new born. Similarly, in Okunniyi (2004), family is defined as a secondary social group of parents, offspring and possibly other members of the household.

Family education and social background refers to all the conditions and circumstances in the family which impact the child physically, intellectually and emotionally Muola (2010). Students coming from different family education and social backgrounds are affected different by such family conditions, that is why some students have good family education and social background while some have poor background. Citing fleege, Eke (1999) noted that with some families, the background way vary from time to time for the same individuals.

Formal education therefore remains the vehicle for human development which must start from the family. There are different categories of families. The major categories of families according to Anderson and Taylor (2000) includes: Traditional families–where the father is the major breadwinner and mother at home rearing students; divorced families–families that have been reconstituted following the breaking of marriage; single parent families–likely headed by women; step families–with new siblings and new parents stemming from re-marriage.

A family could also be categorized as extended or nuclear. Extended families are those in which large group of related kin in addition to parents and students live together in the same household. This is the type of families prevalent in African countries. Nuclear families are families where married couple resides together with their students. This type of family is common in Western countries (Andersen and Taylor 2000).

Families are of various sizes. Family size has to do with the total number of people in a single family which may include the father, mother, students and even the extended members – all living in one hamlet. According to Alio (1995) family size has implication for education. The author emphasized that the size of the family determines to a great extent the relative amount of physical attention and time which each child gets from his parents. Large families are more common among the lower class of the society. Students

Statement of the Problem

Most students in Nigerian Secondary Schools are in greater risk of poor academic achievement in both internal and external examinations (WAEC and NECO). For instance, the available records of WAEC result analysis from 2005- 2011 show a continuous decline in students overall performance in school certificate examinations.

Government, parents, teachers and students blame one another for students’ poor performance in schools. Parents blame teachers for lack of dedication to duties. The teachers blame government for poor salaries hence they are poorly motivated, parents also accuse government for not equipping the schools with learning materials, government blame parents for not doing good home work and the students are blamed for lack of discipline and dedication to their studies.

In light of the above issues, the outstanding and relevant question is: what is the impact of family education and social background on academic achievement of Secondary School students?

Purpose of the Study

Generally, the purpose of the study was to find out the Impact of parental educational background on students’ career development in Jalingo Local Government of Taraba State.

Specifically, the purpose of the study is to find out:

  1. The impact of parental level of education on academic achievement of Secondary School students.
  2.  The impact of parental occupation on students’ academic achievement.
  3.  The impact of parental income on students’ academic achievement.

Research Questions

The study will provide answers to the following research questions:

  1. What is the impact of parental level of education on students’ academic achievement?
  2.  What impact does parental occupation have on students’ academic achievement?
  3.  What is the impact of parents’ income on students’ academic achievement?

 

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IMPACT OF PARENTAL EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND ON STUDENTS’ CAREER DEVELOPMENT IN JALINGO LOCAL GOVERNMENT OF TARABA STATE.

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